Drafting apparatus.



C. THOMSON.

DRAFTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.28. 1915.

1,227,9?8@ Patented May 29, 1917.

6 SHEETSSHEET 1.

c. THOMSON.

DRAFTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR-28.1915.

Patented May 29, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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DRAFTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR.28, 1915. 1,227,9?8. Patented May 29,1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

(Ar/575a fiomsan C. THOMSON.

DHAFTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APR-28. i915.

1,22?,978., Patented; May 29, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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c. THOMSON.

DRAFTING APPARATUS.

I APPLICATION FILED APR.28, I915 Patented Ma 29,1917. 1 227 6 SHEETS SHEET 5.

C. THOMSON.

v DRAFTING APPARATUS.

- APPLlCATlON FILED APR. 28,1915. 1,22?,978, Patented May 29, 1917.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

mi 5 Q CHRISTIAN THOMSON, OF COLVILLE, WASHINGTON.

DBAFIING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 29, 191?.

Application filed April 28, 1915. Serial No. 24,428.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN THOMSON, a subject of the King of Norway, residing at Colville, in the county of Stevens and State of l/Vashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drafting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in drawing and sketching apparatus for draftsmen.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide a sighting mechanism to enable the draftsnian to sight and correctly transfer to the drawing board the perspectives of objects or scenery in such a manner as to readily obtain a substantially perfect outlined reproduction even by one not skilled in the art of Sketching objects in perspective.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of drawing board and support therefor together with mechanism whereby the drawing board may be mounted upon the support for adjustment thereon about different axes.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for holding the drawing board in different angular positions with respect to its support irrespective of the axis about which the board is adjusted.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means for holding the drawing paper in flat relation upon the drawing board, and a further feature consists in providing a slot in the drawing board for downward projection therethrough of excess length of paper thereby avoiding the necessity of severing the paper into predetermined lengths.

My invention has many other objects and features of construction which will be more fully described in connection with the ac companying drawings and which will be more particularly pointed out in and by the appended claims.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a view in side elevation showing one form-of iny improved sighting apparatus attached to a drawing board with the latter in a substantially vertical adjustment,

2 is a view in side elevation of another form of my invention attached to a drawing board which is shown slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the form shown in Fig. 1, on a greatly enlarged scale,

Fig. lis a perspective view of the form shown in Fig. 2, on a greatly enlarged scale,

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the drawing board looking in the direction of arrow 5, of Fig. l,

Fig. 6 is a view looking in the direction of arrow (5, of Fig. 1, i Fig. 7 is a view looking in the direction of arrow 7, of Fig. 2,

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on line 88 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 9 is a sectional view on line 99 of Fig. 6,

Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view on line 1010 of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is a sectional view on line 1111 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 12 is a view looking in the direction of arrow 12, of Fig. 9,

Fig. 13 is a sectional view on line 1313 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 14 is a sectional view on line 14'1t of Fig. 5,

Fig. 15 is a sectional view on line l515 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 16 is a view in elevation, on an enlarged scale, looking in direction of arrow 16, of Fig. 7,

Fig. 17 is an enlarged plan view of a pulley supporting arm,

Fig. 18 is a sectional View on line 1818 of Fig. 7,

Fig. 19 is a sectional View on line l919 of Fig. 7

Fig. 20 is a view in elevation of a sight board pulley and support looking in the direction of arrow 20, of Fig. 7,

Fig. 21 is an enlarged detail view looking in the direction of arrow 21, of Fig. 2,

Fig. 22 is a sectional view on line 2222 of Fig. 21.

Like characters of reference designate similar parts throughout the different figures of the drawings.

I will first describe the construction of the mechanism for supporting the drawing board in accordance with the utility of my invention according to different require ments.

A support is shown which may be in the form of a tripod having supporting legs 1 pivotally connected with a head 2 presenting a substantially horizontal supporting portion. An attaching bar 3 is fixed flat upon said supporting head 2, preferably for adjustment thereon about a vertical axis, a screw or like device 1, being shown. One end of said bar 3 is substantially T-shapec, the T head or bar 5 thereof having pivot or hinge pintles 6 and 7, mounted respectively, in sleeves 3 and 9, secured to said head bar Finger grips 10 and 11 serve for withdrawing the ends of said pintles into said sleeves against the action of suitable springs housed in said sleeves. To the remaining end of said bar 3 I. provide or fix a clamp strip 12 which is actuated by a clamp screw 13, having a thumb nut 1a, to adjustably clamp the lower end 15 of a board holding bar 16, to the attaching bar 3.

I will next describe the equipment with which the drawing board is provided whereby the latter may be mounted for adjust ment. about different axes and also whereby the drawing board may be supported in different angular positions.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 6, it will be seen that the drawing board 17 is provided on its rear face with a plurality of pivot blocks or bearings which I will now describe indetail. Pivot bearing 13 is -formed of angle iron one flange of which is fixed by screws 19, to the board 17 and the other flange 20 of which projects from the face of the board and is provided with an aperture in which pintle 6 journals. A bearing block or pivot bearing 21, of identical construction with that numbered 18, is secured by screws 22 and has a projecting flange 23 in which a pintle bearing aperture 24, is formed. A bearing block or pivot bearing 25 is provided which is common to and may coact with either of blocks 13 or 21. Said bearing 25-is provided with a flange 26 having an aperture in which pintle 7 journals and also an apertured flange 27 for coaction with pivot bearing 21. Now if it is desired to change the position of the board 17, with respect to the support, from the connection shown in Fig. 6, pintles 6 and 7 will be withdrawn from bearing flanges 20 and 26 and will be inserted in the aper tures of flanges 23 and 27. Thus provision is made for attaching the board to the support so that the board can be adjusted about different axes herein shown at right angles to each other:

In the adjustment shown in Fig. 6, the board holding bar 16 is secured by a pin 28 in a holder 29. However, if the T-head 5 is mounted in flanges 23 and 27, then the bar 16 will be connected with holder 30. By reason of the fact that bar 16 is pivoted to the board 17 and adjustably connected with attaching bar 3, the drawing board 7 may be tilted into different positions with respect to the tripod head 2, as will be seen by reference to Figs. 1 and 2.

Reference will next be made to a novel means for holding the drawing paper flat upon the drawing surface of the drawing board, and also to a novel feature of construction in connection with the board itself, for facilitating manipulation of the paper.

The board 17 is provided with opposed beveled edges 31 and 32 and paper holding bars 33, of identical construction, extend across the drawing surface 34:, of the board 17, and are provided with terminal ends 35 and 36 which extend below the drawing surface 34: and into engagement with the beveled edges 31 and 32. Now the bars 33 are formed of relatively thin flexible wood or other suitable material and it is a feature of my invention to apply stress to said bars in such a manner as not only to hold the bars fixed in their positions of adjustment, but also to flex the same against and upon the drawing paper so as securely to hold the latter upon the drawing surface 34:.

As will be seen more particularly by reference to Fig. 15, the adjusting means 36, of the bars 33 are bored to receive adjusting spindles 37. The outer end of the bar 33 has applied thereto a metal bearing plate 38 through which the spindle 37 extends and in which it is threaded. The outer end of the spindle is provided with a knurled finger grip 39 and the inner end of the spindle 37 is balled, as at to, and is socketed in a friction plate 41 which bears against bevel edge 31, of the board 17.

Now it will be readily seen that when the spindle 37 is loosened, the bar 33 may be shifted across the face of the drawing board. When the bar 33 occupies a selected position of adjustment, the spindle 37 will be turned to frictionally engage plate 41 against the beveled edge 31 and in view of the fact that tension is applied to the bar 33 below the same, and below the drawing surface of the drawing board, such tension will tend to flex or bow the' bar 3 downwardly against the drawing board in a manner to most effectively hold the drawing paper 42, thereagainst, thereby entirely avoiding the use of thumb tacks.

In order to avoid the necessity of severing the drawing paper into lengths, for each drawing or sketch to be made, I employ the novel feature of slotting the board 17, as indicated at 43, so that the excess length of paper will be disposed below the board and will be clear from the forward mar: ginal edge thereof. This feature of my in vention is of particular importance in connection with the novel attachments which will presently be described.

Reference will next be made to the novel mechanism for sighting an object to be drawn and I will first describe a laterally shifting carriage structure which is used irrespective of the different forms of sighting instruments employed.

To the back of board 17 is fixed by screws or like securing devices 44 battens 45 and 46, the ends 47 and 48 thereof projecting beyond one margin of the board to form a support for a shiftable carriage range and supporting bar 49. The range bar 49 is provided with a shoulder strip 50, secured thereto in any desirable manner and overlapping or rather underlapping the board 17, as will be seen by reference to Fig. 9 thereby providing an edge engagement between the bar 49 and the edge of the board 17 and a base engagement between the bottom of the board and the shoulder strip 50. These abutting surfaces provide for adjustment of the bar 49 along the forward or top edge of the drawing board 7. It will be understood that the range bar 49 will not require frequent adjustment or frequent movement during the drawing operation. I will next describe the manner in which the range bar 49 is frictionally held in position upon the drawing board, it being understood that it is mainly supported by the ends 47 and 48 of the battens 45 and 46. The shoulder strip 50 is provided with a stud 51 over which a range bar retaining wire 52 slides. One endof the retaining wire 52 extends through batten 45 and is secured thereto at 53. The other end extends through a suitable aperture in batten 46 and is secured at 54, to a tension means which is in the form of a spring bar 55. Spring bar 55 is secured to the batten 46, at 56 and a wedge 57 may be driven between the spring bar 55 and the batten 46 to normally hold the bar 55 away from batten 46 so as to apply tension stress to the wire 52. The range bar 49 is provided with carriage stops which may be in the form of pins 58 for limiting adjusting movement of a carriage which will next be described in detail.

The carriage is designated at 59 and is 'mounted upon the range bar 49, upon which it slides longitudinally. A carriage retaining cable or wire 60, is mounted in suitably formed grooves 61 and 62, at the longitudinal corners of range bar 49 and the connection for holding the carriage slidably connected with range bar 49 cooperates with that length of the cable which traverses the upper and foremost corner of bar 49. As shown, the carriage 59 is provided with two devices for connection with the cable 60, as indicated at 63, and as both devices are identical in construction and operation, only one need be described in detail. reference being had more particularly to Fig. 13.

An angular bracket hook 64 ex ends in strapped form transversely of the carriage 59, on the top face thereof and is bent to extend along the edge thereof, as indicated at 65. The edge portion 65 terminates in a hook 66 which engages the cable 60 and lies in the longitudinal recess 61. A retainer 67, having an angle edge 68 overlapping the portions 64 of said bracket, is securely held to the carriage, together with said bracket, by a screw 69. The edge 70 of the retainer closes the hook 66 so as to prevent any possible disconnection from the cable 60. The cable 60 is trained diagonally across the ends of range bar 49, as indicated at 71, in Fig. 11, and as also will be seen by reference to Figs. 3 and 4. Bridges 7 2 are disposed at the forward and upper ends of the recessed longitudinal corners 61 so as to support the wire 60 in an elevated position in the groove 61 so that the hook 66 will not bind and retard free adjustment of the carriage. Near the center of bar 49 I provide two bridges 7 3, and

etween the latter, the wire 60 is held depressed by a friction plate 74, mounted on bar 49. This latter arrangement, by reason of the spaced relation of the coupling or connecting devices 63, will not interfere with adjustment of carriage 59 as it will be understood that any such adjustment of the carriage 59 as will engage either of said coupling devices 63 with the bridges 73, would not be made until a range adjustment of the bar 49 had first been effected.

The carriage wire 60 has its terminals connected with tension screws 76 which are shown extended through washer portions 76, of a housing 77, mounted upon range bar49. Nut 78, threaded 011 screw 76 provide for drawing the latter taut to obtain the required tension.

Now it will be observed that the carriage 59 is adjustable longitudinally, or in the direction of its length, upon range bar 49 and that the latter is adjustable only in the direction of its length, the longitudinal adjusting of both the linearly movable carriage and the bar 49 being lateral with respect to the drawing on the board 17.

Next referring more particularly to that form of sighting or object finding apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5, 79 designates a tower guide which is shown longitudinally slotted, at 80, and which is provided with head portions 81 and 82 seated in a recess 84, formed in the carriage 59, the tower guide extending at right angles to the carriage 59 and having supporting engagement upon the paper holding bars A clip 35, mounted on carriage 59, holds the guide 7 9 or end portion 81 thereof and a button 86, connected with a screw 87, holds the end portion 82, in said recess. The guide 79 is not intended to be shifted transversely of the carriage 59 but is held therein for movement thereby transversely across the face of board 17 in the direction of movement of carriage 59. A tower 88 is longitudinally slidable in the slot 80 and -is held against one wall thereof by a retainer 89. The lower end 90 of the tower is enlarged for engagement with both walls of the slot 80 and is provided with a metal strip 91 which extends into suitably formed guideways in guide 79, as will be seen more particularly by reference to Fig. 8. The enlarged end 90 extends downwardly into engagement with the drawing surface of the board 17, or with the paper thereon, as indicated at 92, and the enlarged end 90 is provided with a conical pencil guiding bore 93 into which the pointed end of a pencil may be inserted. The opposite end of the tower 88 is provided with an object locator 94 having a slightly enlarged head 95.

It will now be seen that universal adjustment is afforded. by transverse shifting adjustment provided for carriage 59 and the longitudinal adjustment for tower 88.

A projection stick 96 is secured to the board by means of a winged nut 97 and is provided with a slot 98. A finder holder 99,

provided with a forked end 100, is adjustable longitudinally and backwardly and forwardly in said slot 98 and may be held in adjusted positions by a bolt 101 and a winged nut 102. Now on the upper end of said holder 99 is a ferrule 103 upon which a sight tip 104 is mounted and in the upper end of which is provided a sight hole 105. A rotatably mounted sighting disk 106 is swiveled on the sight tip 104, as indicated at 107, and is provided with openings 108, of difierent sizes, for selective registry with opening 105.

This form of apparatus although advantageous in many utilities, requires operation of the pencil in a horizontal position and is primarily intended for sighting objects, as indicated at 109, at short range. I will next describe the form shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 7, which latter apparatus permits of manipulation of the pencil in a substantially vertical position, and which has certain advantages over the first form described.

In this form of the invention the guide is designated at 110 and is held in the carriage 59 in a manner similar to the means for holding guide 79. Longitudinally slidable upon guide 110 is a tower supporting bar 111 having opposed inclined edges, one thereof engaging a fixed guiding strip and the other thereof being engaged by retainers 113, fixed on guide 110, to hold the tower support 111 to linear adjustment longitudinally of the guide 110. A tower 114 is mounted between the forked ends 115, of the support 111, by means which will be more clearly understood by reference to Fig. 16. A strap hearing 116 extends about the forked ends 115 and has its terminals 117 disposed abreast of washers 118 on the sides of tower 114. An adjusting screw 119, provided with a shoulder 120 and a nut 121, extends through the parts to form a pivot and also a means for holding the tower 114 in selected positions of adjustment. The strap 116 extends laterally of the tower support 111 and is bent upwardly at 122 to form a saddle support. A journal saddle 123, provided with cord sheaves 124, is mounted upon said saddle support by means of a screw 125 which also forms a journal for the sheaves 124.

At the top of said tower, as will be seen more particularly by reference to Fig. 17, a sheave hanger 126 is mounted in a manner to extend laterally of the tower 114. The hanger 120 carries a cord sheave 127 about which the bight of a sight cord 128 is trained, the lateral lengths thereof extending downwardly and being trained about sheaves 124. The cord 128 is provided with an object locating bead 129 which will be seen more clearly by reference to- Fig. 4. The remain ing bight of the cord 128 is trained about a sheave 130 journaled in a bracket 131, mounted upon guide 110, as will be seen more clearly by reference to Fig. 20.

A pencil guide 132 is slidable in the slot 133 of guide 110 and is provided with metal guides 134 which project into the walls of slot 133. The pencil guide is provided with a conical pencil guiding bore 135, as will be seen more clearly in Fig. 19. One portion of the cord 128 is connected with the pencil guide 132, at 136. It will now be seen that movement of the finding bead 129 and the pencil 132 will be synchronous.

In this form of the invention the sight holder 137 is slotted at 138 for connection with a holding block 139, on the board 17, by a belt 140 and a wing nut 141, and the projection stick 96 is dispensed with. The sight tip on the holder 137 is identical with that shown in Figs. 3, 21 and 22 and need not be described in detail. In order to provide for a more extensive range of the apparatus, I provide-novel mounting means for the sight holder which is the same in con-' struction and operation as regards all forms and which is embodied in the block 139.

Block 139 is provided with a central recess 142 in which the holder 137 is shown mounted so as to lie flat against, or substantially fiat against the lower edge of board 17. However, block 139 has a face 143 which is inclined in one direction and a face 144 which is inclined in another direction, and in each case has a bore 145 for projection therethrough of bolt 140. Thus the holder 137 may be attached to incline toward the face of the drawing board, when secured to inclined face 143, and the holder 137 will be inclined away from the board,

if attached to face 14 This provides for getting sight on objects which are out of the range of the normal picture plane, either with respect to a horizontal line or points above or below the picture plane, the tilt of the bevels orthe inclined faces accommodating the holder 137 to such adjustment.

In operation, the operator will use the sighting apparatus in connection with the object finding projection or bead in a manner similar to that of sighting an object with a gun and the shifting movement imparted to the pencil holder, either by the tower 88 or the cord 128 will enable the draftsman to correspondingly locate the sighted objective points upon the drawing paper as will be clearly understood in view of the universal adjustment provided, and hereinbefore described.

t is believed that the apparatus of my invention will be clearly understood from the foregoing description, and While I have herein shown and described specific forms thereof it will be understood that I do not wish to be limited to such specific forms eX- cept for such limitations as the claims may import.

I claim 1. In a view locator apparatus for drafts men, a drawing board provided with battens projecting beyond one edge of said board, a range bar slidably engaging the board edge and resting on the projecting ends of said battens and provided with a shoulder bar engaging the bottom of said board and provided with a wire engaging stud, a tension or holding wire secured to one of said battens and extending over said stud to hold said range bar in sliding engagement with said board, and tension means mounted on the remaining batten and connected with said wire, substantially as described.

2. In a view finder or locator for draftsmcn, a drawing board, a rangebar slidably mounted on one edge of said board and being of rectangular cross section, and having longitudinally extending grooves at diag onally opposite corners, a carriage retaining wire looped about said grooves and extending diagonally across the ends of said bar, a carriage mounted on said bar and provided with devices engaging said wire to slidably connect said carriage with said bar, and view locating apparatus mounted on said carriage, substantially as described.

3. In a view finder or locating apparatus for draftsmen, a drawing board, a range bar slidably connected with said board and provided with a carriage retaining wire, a carriage slidable on said bar and provided with means engaging said wire to retain said carriage in position on said bar, and view locating apparatus mounted on said carriage, substantially as described,

l. In a view finding apparatus for draftsmcn, a drawing board, a guide extending across said board and linearly slidable therealong, a tower support longitudinally slidable on said guide, a tower mounted on said support, a pencil guide slidable with respect to said first named guide and a cord movable along said tower and provided with an object locator and having operative connection with said pencil guide, substantially as described.

5. In a view finding apparatus for draftsmen, a drawing board, an elongated guide extending across said board and movable therealong linearly transversely with respect to the longitudinal aXis of said elongated guide, a pencil guide slidable longitudinally in said elongated guide, a tower support adjustable longitudinally along said guide, a tower hinged to said support, cord sheaves mounted on said tower and at the point of hinge of the tower with said support and upon said elongated guide, a cord trained about said sheaves, a locator mounted on said cord, and means connecting said. cord with said pencil guide, substantially as described.

6. In a View finding apparatus for draftsmen, a drawing board, locating apparatus including a pencil guide shiftable along said board, a finder device for coaction with said locating apparatus, and a mount block for attachment of said finder device and provided with angularly disposed faces for attachment of said finder device thereto for changing the relation of said finder device with respect to said locating apparatus, substantially as described.

7. In a view finding apparatus for draftsmen, a drawing board, cooperating locating and finder devices both of which are adjustable into different angular relation with respect to the plane of the drawing surface, and a pencil holder operatively connected with said locating device, substantially as described.

8. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a locating device movable longitudinally and transversely of said board, a pencil holder operatively connected with said device and a finder device coacting with said locating device, substantially as described.

9. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a range means adjustable on said board, a carriage movable on said range means, a locating device movable and mount ed on said carriage, and a pencil holder operatively connected with said locating device, substantially as described.

10. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a range bar adjustable on said board, a carriage movable on said range bar, a locating tower guide mounted on said carriage, a locating tower mechanism movably mounted in said guide, and a pencil holder movable in said guide and operatively connected With said mechanism, substantially as described.

11. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a carriage movable in one path with respect to said drawing board, a locating device including a mounting therefor movable on said carriage in a path angular to the path of said carriage, and a pencil holder operatively connected with said locating device, substantially as described.

12. I11 a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a carriage movable linearly in one path with respect to said board, a locating tower guide mounted on said carriage, a loeating tower mechanism linearly movable in said guide, in a direction angular to the path of movement of said carriage, and a pencil holder mounted for movement in said guide and operatively connected with said mechanism, substantially as described.

13. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a range bar, means slidably supporting said bar on said board, a wire surrounding said bar, means on said board engaging said bar to hold said bar in adjusted positions, and locating mechanism movably mounted on said bar, substantially as de scribed.

14. In a sketching apparatus, a range bar, a drawing board, means slidably supporting said range bar on said drawing board, 10- cating mechanism movably mounted on said range bar, and a wire mounted on said board and operatively engaging said bar to'hold the latter in adjusted position, substantially I as described.

15. In a sketching apparatus, a range bar, a drawing board, means slidably supporting said range bar on said drawing board, a tension wire affixed to said drawing board and engaging said range bar to hold the latter in position and permit-of adjustment of the range bar on the drawing board, a carriage wire extending about said range bar, a carriage movable on the range bar, means mounted on the carriage for engaging said range bar wire to hold the carriage to a true path of movement, and locating mechanism mounted on said carriage, substantially as described.

16. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a carriage movable along said board, a tower guide mounted on said carriage and extending across said board, a tower support slidably mounted in said guide, a tower hinged to said support, a pencil holder slidable in said guide, and locating cord means movably mounted on said tower and connected with said pencil holder, substantially as described.

17. In a sketching apparatus, a drawing board, a carriage movable across said drawing board in one path, and a locating device mounted on said carriage and adjustable thereon across the top of said board in a path at an angle to the path of movement of said carriage, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHRISTIAN THOMSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for fiveeents each, by addressing the .Commissioner of Iatents, Washington, D. G. 

